ABSTRACT
Current research characterizes the epidemiological profile of accidents with biological material (BM) that occurred in a government-run dental school and identifies the post-exposure behavior taken by the injured subjects. The cross-sectional retrospective study comprises professors, students and technical-administration personnel who worked in the laboratory from 2001 to 2008 (n = 566). An electronic questionnaire, prepared by software developed for this purpose, was sent to subjects between May and August 2008 for data collection. Ninety-one (34.2%) out of 266 participants reported some type of exposure to BM. There was no difference between the occurrence of accidents according to the subjects' category (p = 0.496) and sex (p = 0.261). Most of the subjects reported cutaneous exposure (76.9%) comprising saliva (68.1%) and blood (48.3%). The fingers were the body members most affected. Accidents occurred mostly during clinical (34.1%) and surgical (30.8%) procedures. Although the use of protection equipments was high (82.9%), only 26.4% of subjects reported the accident and only 28.6% sought immediate help. Most of the injured subjects failed to report the accidents and did not comply with the guidelines. Others trivialized basic behavior such as the interruption of the procedure to seek medical assistance.
Caracterizar o perfil epidemiológico dos acidentes com material biológico (MB) ocorridos em uma instituição pública de ensino odontológico e identificar as condutas pós-exposição adotadas pelas vítimas constituíram-se objetivos deste trabalho. Estudo transversal retrospectivo, cujos sujeitos da pesquisa foram os docentes, discentes e técnico-administrativos, exerceram atividades clínicas ou laboratoriais no período de 2001 a 2008 (n=566). Entre maio e agosto de 2008, por meio do envio de questionário eletrônico, utilizando um software desenvolvido para esse fim ocorreu a coleta de dados. Dos 266 participantes, 91 (34,2%) referiram algum tipo de exposição a MB. Não houve diferença entre a ocorrência de acidentes conforme a categoria (p = 0,496) e o sexo (p = 0,261) do participante. A maioria dos acidentados reportou exposição percutânea (76,9%) com envolvimento de saliva (68,1%) e sangue (48,3%), e a área corporal mais atingida foram os dedos. Os acidentes ocorreram, predominantemente, durante procedimentos clínicos (34,1%) e cirúrgicos (30,8%). A adesão aos equipamentos de proteção recomendados apresentou-se alta (82,9%), entretanto apenas 26,4% notificaram o acidente e 28,6% procuraram ajuda imediata. A maioria dos acidentados não notificou os acidentes, inviabilizando as condutas recomendadas e muitos banalizaram condutas consideradas fundamentais, como a interrupção do procedimento e busca de atendimento médico.
Subject(s)
Humans , Security Measures , Students, Dental , Cross-Sectional Studies , DentistryABSTRACT
Canetas odontológicas de alta-rotação são instrumentos de grande uso na prática clínica, com descontaminação polêmica, por apresentar complexo funcionamento. Estudo microbiológico, realizado no Serviço Odontológico da Universidade Federal de Goiás, teve como objetivo avaliar a efetividade do reprocessamento de canetas odontológicas de alta-rotação em autoclave gravitacional, seguindo um protocolo. Observados os aspectos éticos, os dados foram obtidos por meio de análise microbiológica, informações do prontuário e questionário aos cirurgiões-dentistas. Após atendimento, as canetas foram reprocessadas e encaminhadas ao laboratório para coleta microbiológica. Amostras foram coletadas de seis canetas, utilizadas em 60 pacientes diferentes, seguindo o protocolo de reprocessamento. Swabs umedecidos com solução salina foram friccionados nas paredes internas da cabeça da caneta, transferidos para tubos contendo caldo tioglicolato de sódio e incubados por sete dias a 37ï°C. As 60 amostras demonstraram ausência de crescimento microbiano, o que evidencia a efetividade da esterilização em autoclaves gravitacionais, seguindo um protocolo de reprocessamento...
High rotation pen are instruments used a lot on dentistry clinical practice over polemic decontamination because its complex functioning. Microbiologic study conducted in the Dental Clinic of the Federal University of Goias, which aimed to evaluate effectiveness-reprocessing protocol of high rotation pen in a gravity-autoclave based on a protocol. All ethical aspects were observed and the data were obtained by microbiological analysis, information from medical records and questionnaire to dentists. After its use the pens were reprocessed and sent to the laboratory for microbiological collection. Samples of six pens used in 60 different patients were collected based on the reprocessing protocol. Swabs moistened in saline solution were swabbed inside the head pen's walls and transferred to a sodium thioglycollate solution and incubated for seven days at 37ºC. The 60 samples showed no microbial growth, demonstrating the effectiveness of sterilization in gravitational autoclaves based on reprocessing protocol...
Piezas de mano de alta rotación son instrumentos muy utilizados en la práctica clínica, con descontaminación controversia, por presentar operación compleja. Estudio microbiológico, realizado en el Servicio de Odontología de la Universidad Federal de Goiás, tuvo como objetivo evaluar la eficacia del reprocesamiento de piezas de mano de alta velocidad en autoclave gravitacional, siguiendo un protocolo. Observados todos los aspectos éticos, los datos fueron, obtenidos por medio de análisis microbiológicos, informaciones del prontuario y cuestionario a los dentistas. Después del tratamiento, las piezas de mano de alta rotación fueron reprocesadas y enviadas al laboratorio para sus recolecciones microbiológicas. Fue recolectado muestras en seis piezas de mano de alta rotación usadas en 60 pacientes diferentes según el protocolo de reprocesamiento. Swabshumedecidos con solución salina fueron frotadas en las paredes internas de la cabeza de la pieza y transferidos para la solución de tioglicolato de sodio y incubados siete días a 37ï°C. Las 60 muestras no mostró el crecimiento microbiano, lo que demuestra la eficacia de la esterilización en autoclaves gravitacionales siguiendo el protocolo de reprocesamiento...
Subject(s)
Humans , Sterilization/methods , Infection Control , Dental Instruments/microbiologyABSTRACT
A guarantee of quality of all steps involved in processing dental materials is essential to achieve security. A descriptive study was made of how Public Dental Medicine Colleges in Brazil process critical materials and determine the patterns of physical, chemical and biological control in their use of hot air ovens and autoclaves to sterilize these materials. The data were obtained with a questionnaire, sent by mail and analyzed with the software EPI-INFO 6.04. Among the 40 Brazilian public Dental Medicine Colleges, only 16 returned the questionnaire. In eight of these, the individuals responsible for the materials and sterilization center had a college degree in a human health field. In 14 institutions, the students were responsible for the cleaning of the instruments, but in six of these they did so outside of the materials and sterilization center. Both the autoclave and the dry heat oven were the method of choice in 13 of the 16 schools. The sterilization routine was routinely monitored by 11 of the institutions. Chemical control through the tape test in the autoclave was used by 13 of the schools, three institutions reported preventive maintenance, and biological indicators were used by seven of the 16 schools. Autoclaves are widely used because of the degree of biological security that this method offers, however physical, chemical and biological controls have not been routinely implemented by most of the institutions.